Avgradningar

Avgradningar is a term used in Swedish industry to describe the downgrading of the quality grade assigned to a product, batch, or service after inspection or testing. A downgrade occurs when defects, non-conformities, or deviations from specifications are identified and the item no longer meets the criteria for its original grade. The concept is used across sectors such as timber and wood products, metals, agriculture, food processing, textiles, electronics, and logistics, and it can apply at different stages of the supply chain.

Downgrading is governed by defined criteria in quality manuals or external standards. Inspections, tests, or supplier audits can trigger a downgrade. The decision is documented with the new grade, the specific criterion violated, the defect description, and the date. Often the change requires approval from a designated authority in quality assurance. Records support traceability, audits, and supplier performance assessments. In some cases, provisional downgrades may be used while corrective actions are pursued.

An avgradning has practical consequences, including price adjustments, changes to inventory status, return or credit terms, and potential supplier evaluation. The item may be diverted, reworked, or disposed if it cannot be brought up to an acceptable grade.

Industry usage and safeguards: the practice relies on clear, objective criteria to minimize subjectivity. To maintain consistency, organizations emphasize calibrated standards, inspector training, and regular audits. Variations exist between industries and countries in how and when downgrades are applied and communicated.

See also quality control, grading, non-conforming product, supplier quality management.