Autobahn

Autobahn is the term for the federal controlled-access highway system of Germany and, by extension, similar high-capacity motorways in German-speaking regions. Autobahnen are designed for high-speed traffic and feature grade-separated interchanges, no at-grade intersections, and multiple lanes in each direction. The network is designated mainly with A numbers, such as A3 or A5, and forms the backbone of long-distance road transport in Germany and neighboring countries.

Design features include multiple lanes per direction, central medians, blue signage, and access only at interchanges. Rest areas and service stations are regular features; emergency lanes exist on many sections and are reserved for breakdowns. The network aims to facilitate efficient, high-volume travel while maintaining safety through controlled access and regulated entry points.

Speed policy varies: Germany has no general speed limit on most Autobahn sections, though posted limits can apply in urban areas or hazardous conditions. A recommended speed of 130 km/h (Richtgeschwindigkeit) is commonly observed. Traffic management may include temporary speed restrictions, variable speed limits, and temporary closures. The left lane is typically used for overtaking.

History and scope: The first Autobahnen were built in the 1920s and 1930s, with substantial expansion in the postwar era. The system developed as a symbol of modernization and economic growth in Germany and influenced road-building in other countries. By the early 2020s, Germany’s Autobahn network approaches about 13,000 kilometers in length.

Tolling and financing: Passenger cars generally do not pay tolls to use the Autobahn in Germany. Heavy goods vehicles are subject to tolls on many sections, administered by a dedicated system. Policies for tolls and access vary by country, reflecting national transportation and funding arrangements.