Ausfachungsarten

Ausfachungsarten refers to the different methods and materials used to fill the spaces between structural elements, typically in timber-framed buildings. These spaces, known as bays, are traditionally filled to provide structural stability, insulation, and weatherproofing. The specific Ausfachungsart employed can significantly influence the building's thermal performance, aesthetic appearance, and historical context.

One common type is the "Fachwerk" infill, which can include various materials. "Lehmgeflecht" (wattle and daub) is an ancient method where a woven lattice of twigs and branches is plastered with a mixture of clay, straw, and dung. This provides a solid, albeit somewhat permeable, wall. Another variation is "Lehmsteine" or "Lehmziegel" (clay bricks or adobe), where dried or fired bricks made of clay are used as infill. These offer greater structural integrity and better thermal mass.

"Ziegel" (brick) infill, laid in mortar, is another prevalent Ausfachungsart, especially in later or more robust timber-frame constructions. This method provides excellent durability and fire resistance. "Holz" (wood) itself can also be used for infill, either as solid timber panels or as planks. These wooden infills can be left exposed or covered with other materials.

More modern Ausfachungsarten include the use of "mineralische Baustoffe" like lightweight concrete blocks or expanded clay aggregate, offering improved insulation and ease of construction. Ultimately, the choice of Ausfachungsart depends on factors such as local availability of materials, climate, desired aesthetic, building regulations, and historical building techniques.