Asfaltbetooni

Asfaltbetooni, commonly known as asphalt concrete or simply asphalt, is a composite material used for paving roads, parking lots, and airport runways. It consists of a mixture of mineral aggregates, such as sand, gravel, and crushed stone, bound together by a binder, most commonly bitumen. Bitumen is a viscous black liquid derived from petroleum. The aggregates are carefully graded to create a dense and durable surface that can withstand traffic loads and environmental conditions.

The production of asphalt concrete typically involves heating the aggregates and bitumen separately and then mixing them in specific proportions in an asphalt mixing plant. This hot mix asphalt (HMA) is then transported to the construction site while still hot and compacted using heavy rollers to form a smooth and continuous pavement layer. The quality of the asphalt concrete depends on the type and quality of the aggregates, the properties of the bitumen, and the accuracy of the mixing and laying processes.

Asphalt concrete is favored for its cost-effectiveness, relatively quick installation time, and smooth riding surface. It is also highly recyclable, with old asphalt pavement being milled and incorporated into new asphalt mixtures. However, it can be susceptible to damage from extreme temperatures, such as cracking in cold weather and rutting in hot weather. Maintenance, including crack sealing and periodic resurfacing, is necessary to prolong its lifespan. The specific mix design and construction practices can be adapted to suit local climate conditions and traffic demands.