Asetone

Asetone is a term that most commonly refers to acetone, the simplest and most widely used ketone. Also known as propanone or 2-propanone, acetone is a colorless, flammable liquid with a distinctive, mildly sweet odor. In some languages or regional spellings, asetone may be encountered as a variant of acetone.

Chemical properties and composition: acetone has the chemical formula C3H6O and a molecular weight of 58.08 g/mol. It is miscible with water and many organic solvents, and it boils at 56°C. Its flash point is about -20°C, and it forms a highly flammable vapor–air mixture. Acetone is relatively low in toxicity compared with many organic solvents, but exposure can irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract.

Production and availability: industrial acetone is primarily produced via the cumene process, in which phenol and acetone are generated from the cleavage of cumene hydroperoxide. It can also be obtained by the oxidation of isopropanol in various catalytic processes. It is widely stocked and distributed as a generic solvent for laboratory and manufacturing use.

Applications and uses: acetone serves as a versatile solvent for polymers, resins, coatings, and cleaning agents. It is a common ingredient in nail polish remover and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of plastics, glycerol, and other chemicals. Its rapid evaporation rate makes it useful in applications requiring quick drying.

Safety and handling: acetone is highly flammable and should be stored in tightly closed containers away from heat sources. Inhalation or prolonged skin contact can cause irritation and dizziness. It should be used with adequate ventilation and appropriate personal protective equipment. Environmental fate is generally to volatilize and degrade relatively quickly in air.