Arteriittiset

Arteriittiset is a Finnish term that translates to "arteritis" in English. Arteritis refers to a group of inflammatory diseases that affect the arteries. This inflammation can narrow the arteries, reducing blood flow to organs and tissues, or weaken their walls, leading to aneurysms or rupture. The specific cause of arteritis is often unknown, but it is believed to be related to autoimmune responses or infections.

There are several types of arteritis, categorized by the size and location of the affected arteries. Giant cell arteritis, also known as temporal arteritis, is the most common form and typically affects larger arteries, particularly those in the head and neck. It commonly occurs in individuals over the age of 50 and can cause headaches, jaw pain, and vision problems. Polyarteritis nodosa affects medium-sized arteries and can lead to a variety of symptoms depending on which organs are affected, including skin rashes, abdominal pain, and kidney problems. Other forms include Takayasu's arteritis, which affects the aorta and its main branches, and Buerger's disease, which primarily affects the arteries in the hands and feet and is strongly associated with smoking.

Diagnosis of arteritis usually involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests to detect inflammation markers, and imaging techniques such as ultrasound, CT scans, or angiography to visualize the arteries. Biopsies of affected arteries may also be performed. Treatment typically involves anti-inflammatory medications, most commonly corticosteroids, to reduce inflammation and prevent further damage. Immunosuppressive drugs may also be used in some cases. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications, including stroke, heart attack, blindness, and organ damage.