Arcelnyomódás

Arcelnyomódás, also known as *pressure casting* or *die casting*, is a metal-forming manufacturing process used to produce intricate and high-precision metal parts. The method involves injecting molten metal under high pressure into a reusable steel mold, or die, which shapes the metal into the desired form. This technique is widely employed in industries such as automotive, aerospace, electronics, and consumer goods due to its efficiency and ability to produce complex geometries with tight tolerances.

The process begins with preparing the mold, which consists of two hardened steel halves known as dies. The molten metal, typically alloys like aluminum, zinc, magnesium, or copper, is poured into a chamber and then forced into the die cavity under extreme pressure—often ranging from 10 to 175 megapascals (MPa). Once the metal solidifies, the die opens, and the cast part is ejected. This method allows for high production rates, as each cycle typically takes only a few seconds.

Arcelnyomódás offers several advantages, including cost-effectiveness for large-scale production, dimensional accuracy, and the ability to create parts with thin walls and fine details. However, it also has limitations, such as high initial tooling costs and the need for specialized equipment. The process can produce parts with smooth surfaces and good mechanical properties, but post-processing steps like trimming, machining, or heat treatment may still be required to achieve final specifications.

The technique is categorized into two main types: *hot-chamber* and *cold-chamber* die casting. Hot-chamber systems are commonly used with low-melting-point metals like zinc and magnesium, where the metal is kept molten in a furnace attached directly to the die. Cold-chamber systems, on the other hand, are used for higher-melting-point metals such as aluminum and copper, as the molten metal is manually or robotically poured into the chamber before injection. Both methods are optimized for different materials and production requirements.