Aphredoderidae

Aphredoderidae is a small family of ray-finned fish, containing only the genus Aphredoderus and a single species, Aphredoderus sayanus. This fish is commonly known as the pirate perch. It is native to freshwater habitats in eastern North America, ranging from the Atlantic coast of the United States to the Gulf of Mexico. The pirate perch is typically found in sluggish, vegetated waters such as swamps, marshes, and the backwaters of streams and rivers.

The pirate perch is a small, robust fish, usually reaching a maximum length of about 15 centimeters (6 inches). It has a dark, mottled coloration that provides camouflage among aquatic vegetation. Key features include a large head, prominent eyes, and a terminal mouth. A distinctive characteristic is the presence of spines in its dorsal and anal fins, as well as in the pectoral fins.

A notable aspect of Aphredoderus sayanus is its unique reproductive strategy. Unlike most fish, the pirate perch exhibits oral brooding, where the female carries her eggs in her mouth until they hatch. This behavior is relatively rare among freshwater fish. The pirate perch is an opportunistic predator, feeding on small invertebrates, crustaceans, and other small fish. It is generally considered a solitary and nocturnal species.