Aphredoderus

Aphredoderus is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Aphredoderidae. This genus contains only one extant species, Aphredoderus sayanus, commonly known as the pirate perch. The pirate perch is a freshwater fish native to eastern North America, found in slow-moving streams, swamps, and backwaters from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico.

The pirate perch is characterized by its deep body, large mouth, and prominent spines in its dorsal fin. Adults typically reach lengths of 5 to 10 centimeters. A distinctive feature is its anus, which is located far forward, just behind the gill openings, and is capable of being covered by a flap of skin. This unusual placement is thought to be an adaptation for its unique reproductive strategy.

Reproduction in Aphredoderus sayanus is also notable. The female deposits her eggs within the gill cavity of the male, who then carries and incubates them until they hatch. This paternal care is rare among bony fishes. The pirate perch is a nocturnal predator, feeding on small invertebrates, crustaceans, and other small fish. It is generally considered a solitary and secretive fish, often found hiding among vegetation or debris. Despite its common name, it is not a true perch.