Anubias

Anubias is a genus of aquatic plants in the Araceae family, native to tropical Africa. They are rhizomatous, evergreen perennials commonly kept in freshwater aquariums and paludariums. The genus includes several species and cultivars, notably Anubias barteri and its dwarf form Anubias barteri var. nana, as well as Anubias congensis and Anubias gigantea. Plants have thick, glossy, dark-green leaves borne on short petioles and a creeping rhizome that spreads along rocks or wood. The rhizome should not be buried in substrate; anchors are typically created by tying or wedging the plant to hardscape.

Care and cultivation conditions are forgiving, contributing to their popularity. They tolerate a wide range of conditions, with a preference for temperatures around 22–28 C (72–82 F) and a neutral to slightly acidic pH (about 6.0–8.0). Lighting can be low to moderate; CO2 enrichment is optional but can promote faster growth. They do not require high light, and excessive light may cause algae on leaves. Fertilization helps, especially for robust growth, but is not strictly necessary. Regular removal of older leaves helps maintain appearance, and care should be taken not to damage the rhizome during maintenance.

Propagation is by dividing the rhizome into sections, each with a few leaves and roots. Each section can be attached to rocks or wood or planted with the rhizome on or above the substrate. In aquariums, Anubias is valued for its resilience and its broad, attractive foliage, making it suitable for midground or background planting and for beginners and experienced aquarists alike.