Antivaahto

Antivaahto, commonly known as fire extinguishing foam or aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF), is a type of fire suppressant designed primarily for combating flammable liquid fires. It is widely used in industrial, commercial, and residential settings due to its effectiveness in smothering fires involving gasoline, diesel, oil, and other hydrocarbon-based fuels. The foam works by creating a thin, insulating layer over the surface of the burning liquid, cutting off oxygen and reducing heat transfer, which helps extinguish the fire.

Antivaahto is typically composed of water, surfactants, and sometimes additives like fluorinated compounds, which enhance its ability to spread rapidly over liquid surfaces. The foam can be generated using mechanical foam makers or through chemical reactions, depending on the specific formulation. It is often classified into different types, such as Class B foam, which is specifically designed for flammable liquid fires, and Class A foam, which is used for solid combustible materials like wood and paper.

In Finland, antivaahto is a standard part of fire safety equipment, particularly in vehicles, industrial facilities, and public spaces. It is stored in portable extinguishers or as part of fixed fire suppression systems. While highly effective, proper training is essential for safe and efficient use, as incorrect application can be ineffective or even hazardous. Environmental concerns have also arisen due to certain formulations containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which persist in the environment and may pose health risks. As a result, research and development continue to focus on more eco-friendly alternatives.

Maintenance of antivaahto systems involves regular inspections to ensure the foam remains effective and that storage conditions are appropriate. Proper disposal of used foam is also important to minimize environmental impact. Overall, antivaahto remains a critical tool in fire prevention and suppression strategies.