Anasztomóziselégtelenség

Anasztomóziselégtelenség refers to the failure of a surgically created connection between two hollow organs or vessels, most commonly in the gastrointestinal tract. This complication arises when the anastomosis, the site where the two ends are joined, does not heal properly. Symptoms can vary depending on the location of the leak but often include abdominal pain, fever, increased heart rate, and a general feeling of illness. Leakage from the anastomosis can lead to the spillage of intestinal contents into the abdominal cavity, causing peritonitis, a serious infection.

Risk factors for developing anasztomóziselégtelenség include poor nutritional status, obesity, smoking, certain medical conditions like diabetes, and the presence of infection. The surgical technique itself, the type of suture material used, and the overall health of the patient's tissues also play a significant role. Diagnosis typically involves imaging studies such as CT scans, which can reveal fluid collections or gas bubbles outside the bowel lumen. Endoscopic evaluation may also be used.

Treatment depends on the severity and location of the leak. Minor leaks may be managed conservatively with antibiotics and bowel rest. More significant leaks often require re-operation to repair the defect or, in severe cases, may necessitate the creation of a diversion, such as a stoma, to reroute the flow of intestinal contents away from the compromised area. Early recognition and prompt management are crucial to improving outcomes and reducing morbidity associated with this complication.