Allergiákra

Allergiákra refers to allergies, which are an overreaction of the immune system to substances that are typically harmless to most people. These substances, known as allergens, can include pollen, dust mites, certain foods, pet dander, insect stings, and medications. When an allergic person encounters an allergen, their immune system mistakenly identifies it as a threat and releases chemicals like histamine. This release causes the characteristic symptoms of an allergic reaction.

The symptoms of allergies can vary greatly depending on the type of allergen and the individual. Common allergic reactions include sneezing, runny or stuffy nose, itchy or watery eyes, skin rashes like hives or eczema, and digestive issues. In more severe cases, allergies can lead to anaphylaxis, a life-threatening condition that can cause difficulty breathing, a drop in blood pressure, and loss of consciousness.

Diagnosing allergies typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and allergy testing, such as skin prick tests or blood tests. Treatment strategies aim to manage symptoms and avoid allergens. This can involve antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, decongestants, and in some cases, immunotherapy (allergy shots) to desensitize the immune system to specific allergens. Food allergies often require strict avoidance of the offending food. Identifying and avoiding triggers is a cornerstone of allergy management.