Algerie

Algerie, officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a country in North Africa. It borders Morocco and Western Sahara to the west, Mauritania, Mali, and Niger to the southwest and southeast, Libya to the east, Tunisia to the northeast, and has a northern coastline along the Mediterranean Sea. The capital and largest city is Algiers. With an area of about 2.38 million square kilometers, it is the largest country in Africa by area and one of the largest in the world.

Algerie is a semi-presidential republic. The president is the head of state and the prime minister heads the government. The bicameral Parliament consists of the Assembly of the People’s National Assembly (lower house) and the Council of the Nation (upper house). Independence from France was achieved in 1962 after a prolonged war of independence led by the National Liberation Front (FLN).

Geographically, the northern coast features a Mediterranean climate and densely populated areas, while much of the interior lies within the Sahara. The Atlas Mountains run east to west, and large desert regions cover the central and southern parts of the country. Population distribution is concentrated along the coast and in a few large cities.

The economy is heavily dependent on hydrocarbons, with oil and natural gas accounting for a substantial share of export revenue and government finances. Efforts to diversify include agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism, but structural challenges such as unemployment and youth demographics remain.

Demographically, Algeria has a population of roughly 44–46 million. It is a majority Arab-Berber society, with Arabic and Berber languages common and Islam as the predominant religion. Algeria is a member of international organizations including the African Union, Arab League, and OPEC, and it preserves a rich cultural heritage reflected in its music, cuisine, and historical sites such as the Casbah of Algiers and Tassili n’Ajjer.