Alfama

Alfama is the oldest district in Lisbon, Portugal. Perched on the steep hills above the Tagus River, its labyrinth of narrow lanes and stairways winds between whitewashed houses with colorful tile facades and wrought-iron balconies. The area preserves a medieval atmosphere and remains one of the city’s most distinctive historic quarters.

Historically, Alfama reflects Lisbon's Moorish and medieval past. Its tight streets and hilltop dwellings originated in early medieval times and were largely preserved after the 1755 earthquake reshaped the city around it. The district grew as a residential and fishing quarter that remained closely linked to the river.

Key landmarks include the Lisbon Cathedral (Se de Lisboa), a 12th‑century Romanesque church, and Castelo de São Jorge, a hilltop fortress that offers views over the city and harbor. Several miradouros, such as Miradouro de Santa Luzia and Miradouro das Portas do Sol, overlook Alfama’s roofs and river traffic.

Cultural life centers on Fado, Portugal's traditional song, which is often performed in intimate casas de fado throughout the district. The old market Feira da Ladra, held weekly in Alfama, offers antiques and bric-a-brac in a historic setting.

Today Alfama is a popular destination for visitors seeking historic character, river views, and traditional Lisbon culture. The tram route 28 traverses the district, alongside other local transport, and the area remains noted for azulejo tilework, narrow courtyards, and signs of daily life such as laundry lines between houses.