Albtraumstörung

Albtraumstörung, also known as nightmare disorder, is a sleep disorder characterized by recurrent, vivid, and disturbing dreams that cause significant distress or impairment in waking life. These dreams typically occur during the latter half of the sleep cycle, often in REM sleep. Individuals experiencing Albtraumstörung often wake up with clear recollections of the dream's content, which usually involves themes of threat, survival, or escape.

The experience of waking from a nightmare in Albtraumstörung is typically accompanied by a sudden arousal, fear, or anxiety. Sufferers may have difficulty returning to sleep and may dread going to bed due to the anticipation of these distressing dreams. In some cases, the fear can lead to avoidance of sleep altogether.

The causes of Albtraumstörung are not fully understood, but it is often associated with other psychological conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, and depression. Stressful life events, trauma, certain medications, and substance abuse can also contribute to its development.

Diagnosis of Albtraumstörung is based on a person's reported symptoms and their impact on daily functioning. Treatment often involves addressing any underlying psychological conditions. Therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT) can be effective in managing the frequency and intensity of nightmares. Medication may also be considered in some cases.