Aivosyövät

Aivosyövät, or brain cancers, refer to malignant tumors that originate within the brain tissue itself or spread to the brain from other parts of the body. Primary brain tumors develop from brain cells or surrounding tissues like the meninges, cranial nerves, or pituitary gland. Secondary or metastatic brain tumors are more common and occur when cancer cells from elsewhere in the body, such as the lungs, breast, or skin, travel through the bloodstream and establish themselves in the brain.

The symptoms of brain cancer vary widely depending on the tumor's size, location, and growth rate. Common signs can include persistent headaches that may worsen over time, nausea and vomiting, seizures, vision or hearing problems, and changes in personality or cognitive function. Neurological deficits such as weakness or numbness in the limbs, difficulty with balance, or speech impairment are also possible.

Diagnosis typically involves a thorough neurological examination, imaging tests like MRI or CT scans to visualize the tumor, and often a biopsy to determine the exact type and grade of the cancer. Treatment approaches depend on the tumor type, location, and the patient's overall health. Options may include surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, radiation therapy to kill cancer cells, and chemotherapy to destroy cancer cells or slow their growth. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are also increasingly used for certain types of brain tumors. The prognosis for brain cancer is highly variable and depends on many factors.