Aivohäryys

Aivohäryys, also known as delirium, is a serious disturbance in mental abilities that can lead to confused thinking and decreased awareness of one's surroundings. It is a common and often severe problem in older adults, particularly in hospitals. The onset of delirium is typically rapid, occurring over hours or days, and its course can fluctuate.

Several factors can contribute to the development of aivohäryys. These often include underlying medical conditions such as infections, dehydration, malnutrition, or severe illness. Medications, particularly those affecting the brain or with anticholinergic effects, are also a frequent cause. Environmental factors like unfamiliar surroundings, sleep deprivation, or sensory impairment can exacerbate the condition.

The symptoms of aivohäryys can vary but commonly include difficulty concentrating, disorientation to time, place, or person, and disorganized thinking. Individuals may experience hallucinations or delusions. They might be unusually drowsy or agitated. It's important to distinguish aivohäryys from dementia, as delirium is usually temporary and reversible if the underlying cause is identified and treated.

Diagnosis involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and cognitive assessments. Laboratory tests are often performed to identify underlying medical issues. Treatment focuses on addressing the precipitating cause, such as managing infections, adjusting medications, or correcting metabolic imbalances. Supportive care, including maintaining hydration, ensuring adequate sleep, and providing a calm environment, is also crucial. Early recognition and intervention are key to improving outcomes and preventing long-term complications.