Afzetting

Afzetting is a Dutch term with several related meanings, spanning political, geological, and technical contexts. It denotes the act of placing or laying down material, and in many cases also the removal or ousting of a person from a position.

In politics or organizations, afzetting refers to the removal of an officeholder or leader from their post. This can occur through formal procedures such as impeachment or a vote of no confidence, or through other mechanisms like resignation following pressure or a coup. The specific rules and consequences vary by country and institution.

In geology and earth science, afzetting describes the process by which sediments accumulate and settle out of air or water, forming deposits. Over time these deposits can become sedimentary rocks through compaction and cementation. The term covers various environments, including river (fluvial), wind-blown (aeolian), and marine settings.

In materials science and chemistry, afzetting refers to the formation of a coating or film on a surface as material is deposited from a solution, melt, or gas phase. Common methods include electroplating, chemical deposition (precipitation), and physical vapor deposition. Deposited layers are used for protection, functionality, or aesthetic purposes and can vary in thickness and composition.

The word derives from the verb afzetten, to put down or remove, with afzetting conveying either the act of laying down material or the act of removing someone from a role, depending on context.