Afhjules

Afhjules is a term used in the archaeology of the Nordhjem archipelago to designate a class of circular ceremonial discs and belt fittings found in late medieval contexts. Artifacts classified as afhjules appear in burial and elite domestic assemblages from roughly the 12th to the 15th century and are often interpreted as amuletic or status-related objects.

Etymology and materials: The name derives from the Nordhjem language, with afh meaning bind and jules meaning jewels, reflecting their social function in securing garments and signifying status. Most examples are made of bone, fired clay, glass, or faience, and typical diameters range from 1 to 3 cm.

Design and use: Afhjules are usually undecorated or bear incised geometric patterns, stylized animals, or pigment traces; many display perforations for lacing or mounting on belts, headdresses, or prayer garments. They are commonly found in male graves and ritual caches, and their distribution across islands suggests broad exchange networks.

Historical significance: The objects illuminate dress codes, ritual practices, and social structure within the Nordhjem communities. They also provide evidence for craft specialization and long-distance trade, given materials and styles that converge with distant traditions.

Scholarly status: In archaeology and art history, afhjules are cited as a coherent artifact type within the late medieval material culture of the archipelago. The term is used primarily in regional studies and in discussions of ritual regalia and beadwork.