Adjektivne

Adjektivne are a major part of speech in many languages, used to describe or qualify nouns and pronouns. They express properties such as color, size, material, origin, or evaluation, and they help identify or characterize referents within discourse.

In many language families, adjectives inflect to agree with the noun in gender, number, and case. This agreement can take the form of endings, stem changes, or entirely different patterns. Some languages have rich adjective declension with strong and weak forms or definite and indefinite variants, while others use little to no agreement. In non-inflecting languages, adjectives typically do not change for gender or case and often have a fixed position relative to the noun.

Syntax and position are two key dimensions. Attributive adjectives modify the noun directly and usually appear immediately before or after the noun, depending on language conventions (for example, before the noun in English, and sometimes after in other languages). Predicative adjectives occur with a linking verb to describe the subject of a sentence (The flower is red).

Degrees of comparison are common for adjectives. Many languages form comparatives and superlatives through inflection, affixation, or periphrasis (for example, big, bigger, biggest in English; other languages use specialized endings or words like more/most).

Adjektivne also interact with other grammar elements, such as numerals, determiners, and pronouns, and can participate in syntactic constructions that express evaluation, rating, or categorization. Variations across languages reflect different typological patterns in how adjectives are formed, positioned, and integrated into sentences.