Adhar

Adhar, also known as Aadhaar, is a 12-digit unique identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) on behalf of the Government of India. It serves as proof of identity and address for residents of India. The enrollment process involves collecting biometric data, including fingerprints and iris scans, along with demographic information such as name, date of birth, and address. This data is then de-duplicated to ensure each resident receives a unique number.

The primary purpose of Adhar is to provide a reliable and verifiable identity to all residents, enabling better access to government services, subsidies, and benefits. It aims to reduce fraud and leakages in the delivery of welfare programs and to streamline various administrative processes. Adhar has become a foundational element for many government initiatives, including financial inclusion, direct benefit transfer schemes, and access to essential services like banking, mobile connections, and public distribution systems.

While Adhar has been instrumental in improving efficiency and transparency, its implementation and the associated data privacy concerns have also been subjects of public debate and legal scrutiny. The UIDAI has implemented various security measures to protect the data collected. The use of Adhar is mandated for certain services and transactions in India, making it a significant part of daily life for millions.