ABX3Kristall

ABX3Kristall is a term used in crystallography to denote crystalline materials with the general formula ABX3, where A is a large cation, B is a smaller cation, and X is an anion. The structure is commonly the perovskite family, featuring a network of BX6 octahedra sharing corners that create a 3D framework with cavities occupied by A cations. The crystallographic symmetry can vary (cubic, tetragonal, orthorhombic) depending on composition and temperature. Many ABX3 crystals adopt the ideal cubic perovskite structure with space group Pm3m at high temperature, evolving to lower symmetries as the A-site or X-site size changes.

Synthesis: ABX3Kristall crystals can be prepared by solid-state reaction, hydrothermal growth, or solution-based methods such as slow crystal growth from a solvent or antisolvent. Thin films can be produced by spin coating or vapor deposition.

Properties: The properties are tunable through chemical substitution. Band gaps range from UV to near-infrared for halide-based ABX3 materials; ionic conductivity and ferroelectric behavior may occur for certain compositions. Stability is a key concern, with moisture sensitivity common in many halide versions.

Applications: Studied for photovoltaics, light emission, photodetectors, and catalysis. Research focuses on improving stability, defect tolerance, and environmental compatibility.

Note: If ABX3Kristall refers to a specific, named material outside this general class, details would depend on the exact composition and synthesis report.