9×17

9×17, also known as 9mm Short or 9×17mm GRAU, is a semi‑automatic pistol cartridge that was developed in the early 20th century for use in small, rapid‑fire arms in the Soviet Union and Allied forces. The cartridge was introduced in the 1920s and was designed for the 9mm short cartridge that could fit in the smaller breech of the new pistol designs that were emerging at that time. It features a projectile diameter of 9.00 mm and a case length of 17 mm, with a total cartridge length of about 22.3 mm. The bullet typically weighs between 45 and 50 grains and achieves muzzle velocities in the range of 950 to 1,200 feet per second, depending on load and handgun design. Its design provides lower recoil and shorter overall cartridge length compared with the more widely known 9×19mm Parabellum, making it suitable for high‑capacity, lightweight pistols such as the DP-27 one‑hand pistol.

During the early years of World War II the 9×17 card was supplied to Soviet conscripts and was found in many urban pistols, including the PM (Pistolet Makarova or "Makarov") that continued service well into the late 20th century. The ammunition was often produced and distributed in vast quantities by the Soviet Ministry of Weaponry. While it was eventually supplanted by the larger .380 ACP and 9×19mm in many applications, it remains a popular choice for enthusiasts of historical firearms, varmint hunting at short range, and for those seeking low‑recoil, low‑cost handguns. The round is also commonly found in the reassigned markets toward low‑power pistol cartridges.