4cylinder

A 4-cylinder engine is a type of internal combustion engine that uses four cylinders arranged in a line, a V-shape, or a flat configuration. The cylinders are where the combustion of fuel takes place, driving pistons that ultimately rotate the crankshaft, producing power. This arrangement is one of the most common for automobiles, motorcycles, and various other machinery due to its balance of power, fuel efficiency, and relatively compact size.

Inline-four engines are the most prevalent, with the cylinders positioned in a single row. This configuration is known for its simplicity and good primary balance, although it can experience secondary vibrations. V4 engines have cylinders arranged in two banks of two, forming a V shape. This design can be more compact than an inline-four but can be more complex. Flat-four or boxer engines have cylinders arranged in two banks directly opposite each other, with pistons moving towards and away from the crankshaft simultaneously. This layout offers a low center of gravity and excellent primary and secondary balance, often found in specific sports cars and smaller aircraft.

The power stroke in a four-cylinder engine occurs once for every two revolutions of the crankshaft. This cycle consists of four distinct strokes: intake, compression, combustion (power), and exhaust. The number of cylinders, displacement, and tuning all influence the engine's performance characteristics, such as horsepower and torque. Four-cylinder engines are a staple in the automotive industry, providing a versatile and efficient solution for a wide range of applications.