1970erne

The 1970erne refers to the decade from 1970 to 1979. It was marked by political upheaval, economic turbulence, and cultural shifts that reshaped late 20th‑century society. The era followed the 1960s and preceded the 1980s, and it witnessed a transition from postwar norms to new geopolitical and social arrangements.

Politics and economy: The decade faced oil crises that reshaped energy policy. The 1973 oil embargo following the Yom Kippur War led to shortages and price spikes, and the 1979 crisis connected to the Iranian Revolution intensified concerns about energy supplies. Inflation and unemployment were widespread, producing stagflation in many economies.

International relations and politics: Cold War tensions persisted, while détente persisted to varying degrees. Strategic arms control continued with SALT I (1972) and negotiations that culminated in the Helsinki Final Act (1975), which sought to improve security and human rights norms among signatories.

Culture and society: The 1970s saw ongoing civil rights and feminist activism, expanding debates over gender, race, and sexuality. In popular culture, music ranged from progressive rock and disco to emerging punk, while cinema produced enduring works and global franchises began. The era also witnessed advances in environmental awareness and public health.

Science and technology: The decade saw early personal computers and consumer electronics taking hold, while large-scale computing and networking began to lay groundwork for later innovations. Space exploration continued with robotic missions such as Voyager probes launched in 1977, and advances in medicine and energy studies.

Legacy and regional notes: The decade reinforced environmentalism and public policy reforms, influencing energy efficiency, urban planning, and education. In Europe, regional integration progressed, with Denmark joining the European Community in 1973. In many countries, gender equality and civil rights movements made lasting policy and cultural gains.