1192

1192 CE was a year in the late 12th century marked by major political and military developments in Europe and Asia. In the Levant, the Third Crusade concluded with a negotiated settlement between Richard I of England and Saladin. In Japan, the year is cited as the founding moment of the Kamakura shogunate, initiating a new era of military rule.

The Treaty of Jaffa, signed in 1192, ended active hostilities between Richard I and Saladin and established a truce for several years. It guaranteed freedom of pilgrimage to Jerusalem and left Muslim control of the city, while Crusader forces retained certain coastal fortresses and ports under a political settlement in the Levant.

On December 28, 1192, Richard I was captured by Duke Leopold V of Austria while returning from the Crusade and was later handed over to the Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI. He remained imprisoned for several years, with his release following the payment of a substantial ransom in 1194, impacting English politics and royal finances.

In Japan, Minamoto no Yoritomo was appointed Seii Taishōgun in 1192, establishing the Kamakura shogunate and shifting political power from Kyoto to Kamakura. This created a feudal system that would shape Japanese governance for centuries and mark the beginning of the samurai-led era.