Öronvax

Öronvax, scientifically known as cerumen, is a natural secretion found in the ear canal of humans and many other mammals. It is produced by sebaceous glands and ceruminous glands located in the outer third of the ear canal. The primary components of earwax are shed skin cells, fatty acids, and cholesterol.

The main functions of earwax are to protect the skin of the ear canal from dryness, irritation, and injury. It also traps dust, foreign particles, and microorganisms, preventing them from reaching the eardrum. Furthermore, earwax has antibacterial and antifungal properties, offering a defense against ear infections. The slightly acidic nature of earwax contributes to its protective role.

Earwax is naturally removed from the ear canal through a process of self-cleaning. As new earwax is produced, it gradually migrates outwards, carrying with it any trapped debris. Jaw movements, such as chewing and talking, also aid in this outward migration.

While earwax is a normal and beneficial substance, excessive buildup can occur in some individuals, leading to impaction. This can cause symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), dizziness, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. Causes of impaction include an overproduction of earwax, narrow ear canals, or the use of cotton swabs or other objects that push wax deeper into the canal.

Treatment for impacted earwax typically involves softening the wax with ear drops and then gently removing it, often by irrigation or manual extraction by a healthcare professional. It is generally advised against inserting foreign objects into the ear canal, as this can worsen impaction or cause injury.