Ådrar

Ådrar is a Swedish term used to refer to the blood vessels of the circulatory system, especially the veins. The circulatory system comprises arteries, veins, and capillaries. Arteries carry blood away from the heart under higher pressure, veins return blood to the heart under lower pressure, and capillaries form the small exchange networks between blood and tissues.

Anatomically, blood vessels share a common wall structure but differ in function. Arteries typically have thick, muscular walls to withstand and regulate high pressure. Veins have thinner walls and often contain valves that prevent backflow as blood returns to the heart, assisted by surrounding muscles. Capillaries are the smallest vessels with thin walls that enable the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.

In the body, major veins include the vena cava and jugular or femoral veins, while major arteries include the aorta and carotid or femoral arteries. The venous system returns deoxygenated blood from the body, while the arterial system distributes oxygenated blood to tissues.

Clinical relevance centers on disorders of ådrar. Varicose veins (ådror that become twisted and dilated) are common and often cosmetic or symptomatic. Deep vein thrombosis involves blood clots in deep veins and poses a risk of embolism. Arterial diseases, such as atherosclerosis, narrow or obstruct arteries and increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.

Diagnosis commonly uses imaging like duplex ultrasound, CT angiography, or MR angiography. Treatments range from compression therapy and lifestyle changes to medication, interventional procedures, or surgery to restore vessel function and blood flow.