überheblich

Überheblich is a German adjective describing a person who is excessively proud or arrogant, and who behaves as if they are superior to others. It implies a confident self-importance accompanied by a condescending or dismissive attitude toward others. The term can refer to a person’s demeanor, manner of speaking, or overall conduct, not merely to one remark.

Etymology and nuance: The word combines über- “over” with heben “to lift,” conveying the figurative sense of elevating oneself above others. In usage, überheblich conveys a moral evaluation and is generally negative, distinguishing it from more neutral forms of self-assurance.

Usage: Überheblich is commonly used to describe appearance, behavior, or speech that conveys superiority. Typical collocations include überhebliches Auftreten, überheblich wirken, or sich über jemanden erheben. For example: Sein überhebliches Auftreten brachte ihn in Konflikt mit Kollegen.

Synonyms and antonyms: Synonyms include arrogant, hochmütig, anmaßend. Antonyms are demütig, bescheiden, zurückhaltend. While related terms may describe confidence or composure, überheblich specifically signals a disdainful sense of superiority.

Notes: In German, überheblich carries a pejorative nuance and is usually used in evaluative or critical contexts. It can describe personality traits, attitudes, or specific incidents, and may be contrasted with more positive or neutral descriptors of confidence or poise.