únav

Únav is a term used in some Slavic language contexts to denote fatigue or tiredness. In standard Czech and Slovak, the everyday noun for this state is únava. Únav may appear in medical or technical phrasing as a root form or in compounds.

Fatigue refers to a reduced capacity for physical or mental work, often accompanied by low energy, decreased motivation, and slower thinking or movement. It can be acute, lasting hours to days, or chronic, persisting for weeks or months. Common causes include inadequate sleep, sleep disorders, intense physical or mental exertion, stress, poor nutrition, dehydration, and illnesses. Medical conditions such as anemia, thyroid disorders, diabetes, infections, and chronic diseases, as well as medications or substances (for example sedatives, alcohol, or certain pain relievers), can contribute to fatigue. Psychological factors such as depression and anxiety also play a role. Fatigue can be categorized as physical, mental, or a combination, and as short-term or long-term.

Symptoms commonly associated with fatigue include low energy, muscle or joint heaviness, yawning, slowed reflexes, difficulty concentrating, mood changes, and a general sense of malaise. When fatigue is persistent and unexplained, or accompanied by alarming signs (weight loss, fever, chest pain, shortness of breath, or cognitive changes), medical evaluation is advised to identify possible underlying conditions.

Diagnosis typically involves a clinical history, physical examination, and targeted tests (such as blood counts, iron studies, thyroid function, glucose, and liver/kidney tests) to assess potential causes. Management focuses on treating underlying conditions, improving sleep and sleep hygiene, regular physical activity, balanced nutrition, hydration, and stress management. In cases of chronic fatigue, pacing strategies and behavioral therapies may be recommended.