överkäksregionen

The överkäksregionen, often translated as the maxillary region or upper jaw region, refers to the anatomical area of the skull that encompasses the maxilla bone and its surrounding structures. The maxilla is a paired bone that forms the upper jaw, housing the upper teeth and contributing to the formation of the orbits (eye sockets), nasal cavity, and the hard palate.

This region is critical for various functions, including mastication (chewing), speech articulation, and facial aesthetics. The anatomical complexity of the överkäksregionen involves numerous bones and soft tissues that interact to facilitate these functions. Key bony components besides the maxilla include parts of the zygomatic bones (cheekbones), nasal bones, lacrimal bones, and the vomer.

Within the överkäksregionen lie important anatomical landmarks and structures. The maxillary sinuses, also known as the antra of Highmore, are air-filled cavities within the maxilla that contribute to the resonance of the voice and lighten the skull. The infraorbital foramen, located on the anterior surface of the maxilla below the orbit, transmits the infraorbital nerve and blood vessels, providing sensation to the lower eyelid, side of the nose, and upper lip. The pterygopalatine fossa, a pyramidal-shaped space, is also situated deep within this region and serves as a passage for important nerves and blood vessels to the face and oral cavity.

Disorders and conditions affecting the överkäksregionen can range from dental issues and infections to trauma and congenital abnormalities. Understanding the anatomy of this region is fundamental in fields such as dentistry, oral and maxillofacial surgery, otolaryngology, and plastic surgery.