ökhinokandiinid

ökhinokandiinid is a synthetic compound classified within the class of heterocyclic alkaloid analogues. Its molecular formula is C22H27N3O4, and it possesses a planar tricyclic core fused to a pyrrolidine side chain. Chemosynthesis typically involves a multi‑step procedure in which a substituted indole precursor undergoes a Pictet–Spengler condensation followed by nitration and reductive amination to introduce the final functional groups. The molecule is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and dichloromethane but has limited aqueous solubility.

The compound was first reported in a 2019 patent as a potential modulator of the GABAergic system. In vitro studies using cultured hippocampal neurons indicate that ökhinokandiinid selectively enhances GABA_A receptor activity at nanomolar concentrations, producing an inhibitory effect that reduces neuronal excitability. In vivo rodent models of epileptiform activity have shown that systemic administration of ökhinokandiinid at 2 mg/kg significantly prolongs the latency to generalized seizures without causing sedation or motor impairments. These findings suggest that ökhinokandiinid may possess anticonvulsant properties distinct from traditional benzodiazepines.

Safety data for ökhinokandiinid are limited; preliminary acute toxicity studies in mice indicate an LD50 above 2000 mg/kg, and no significant organ histopathology was observed at therapeutic doses. However, the compound’s metabolism involves hepatic oxidation via CYP3A4, and it may interact with other drugs that are substrates or inhibitors of this enzyme. Consequently, caution is advised in polypharmacy settings.

Because of its modest potency and the requirement for chronic dosing, ökhinokandiinid remains primarily of research interest. Ongoing clinical studies aim to evaluate its pharmacokinetic profile in humans, its therapeutic window, and its efficacy in refractory epilepsy and other neurological disorders. Despite these promising data, regulatory approval has not yet been pursued, and larger scale synthesis and safety validation remain necessary before any therapeutic application can be considered.