îndura

Îndura is a Romanian verb meaning to endure, bear, or tolerate something difficult, painful, or burdensome. It is used as a transitive verb to indicate sustaining physical, emotional, or situational strain, often over a period of time. The action implies effort, patience, and resilience in the face of hardship.

Usage notes: Îndura combines with a direct object to name what is endured (a îndura ceva). It commonly describes hardships such as lipsuri (shortages), necazuri (troubles), durere (pain), presiune (pressure), or difficult situations. Expressions include nu mai poți să înduri (you cannot bear it any longer) and a îndura cu stoicism (to endure with stoicism).

Examples:

- El îndură greutățile vieții cu răbdare.

- Ea nu poate să îndure presiunea.

- Trebuie să îndurăm lipsurile pentru binele comun.

- A îndurat o boală lungă.

Etymology: The verb is of Latin origin, generally traced to durare via medieval Romanian development, with cognates in other Romance languages. The orthography reflects Romanian phonology, including the use of î to mark a stressed or distinct vowel sound.

See also: related terms such as tolera (to tolerate) and suporta (to withstand or bear in the sense of support). A îndura emphasizes the act of withstanding hardship and implies perseverance, whereas suferi denotes experiencing pain, and tolera emphasizes a measured allowance of difference or discomfort.