Üzemanyagbefecskendezés

Üzemanyagbefecskendezés, commonly known as fuel injection, is a fuel delivery system used in internal combustion engines. It replaces the traditional carburetor by directly injecting fuel into the engine's intake manifold or combustion chamber. This precise control over fuel delivery allows for more efficient combustion, improved fuel economy, and reduced emissions compared to carbureted systems.

There are several types of fuel injection systems. Port fuel injection (PFI) injects fuel into the intake port just before the intake valve. This is a common and relatively simple system. Direct injection (DI), also known as gasoline direct injection (GDI) for gasoline engines and common rail direct injection (CRDI) for diesel engines, injects fuel directly into the combustion chamber. This offers even greater control and efficiency, allowing for higher compression ratios and more precise fuel atomization.

The core components of a fuel injection system include fuel injectors, a fuel pump, a fuel pressure regulator, and a control unit, often referred to as an Engine Control Unit (ECU) or Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The ECU receives data from various sensors, such as the mass airflow sensor, throttle position sensor, and oxygen sensor, to determine the optimal amount of fuel to inject and the precise timing of the injection. This system constantly adjusts fuel delivery based on driving conditions, engine load, and temperature, optimizing performance and efficiency.

The widespread adoption of fuel injection technology has been a significant factor in meeting stricter emissions regulations and improving the overall performance and fuel efficiency of modern vehicles. It has become the standard in most gasoline and diesel engines manufactured today.