Ühiskasutuse

Ühiskasutuse is an Estonian term meaning “public use” or “common use” and is frequently applied in legal, urban planning, and land‑ownership contexts. The concept refers to land, property, or facilities that are intended for use by the broader community rather than by a single private owner. In Estonia, the classification of real estate into public use, private use, or shared use is regulated by the Estonian Planning and Building Act and the Land Law.

When a parcel of land is declared for ühiskasutuse, it is subject to specific use restrictions to ensure it serves a collective purpose such as parks, schools, hospitals, or community centers. Public use designation can also apply to roads, sidewalks, and utility corridors that facilitate general access and mobility. The designation can be permanent or temporary; for example, land temporarily earmarked for a cultural event may be classed as public use during the event period.

Ownership and management of ühiskasutuse property are usually handled by government entities or non‑profit organizations that are legally mandated to maintain the property for public benefit. Residents are typically allowed access with minimal restrictions, but some exclusive public facilities may allow usage only under specific conditions, such as membership or time‑based access. The policy’s purpose is to safeguard critical public infrastructure, preserve ecological assets, and promote inclusive urban environments.