ÜRO

ÜRO is the Turkish-language acronym used by some sources to refer to the United Nations Organization. The official Turkish designation is Birleşmiş Milletler (BM), and the standard acronyms used in Turkish texts are BM and, less commonly, UN or UNO in international contexts. ÜRO may appear in historical documents, bilingual publications, or among readers encountering English-language materials.

The United Nations was established in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations and to foster international cooperation in maintaining peace, promoting human rights, and supporting development. Its work is guided by the UN Charter and is carried out through multiple organs.

The principal organs are the General Assembly, in which all member states have a say; the Security Council, responsible for maintaining international peace and security; the International Court of Justice; and the Secretariat led by the Secretary-General. Several specialized agencies and programs operate under UN auspices, including the World Health Organization, the International Labour Organization, and the World Bank.

UN activities cover peacekeeping and conflict resolution, humanitarian assistance, sustainable development, climate action, health, education, and humanitarian rights monitoring. The organization works through field missions, treaties, and normative standards that influence national laws and policy.

As of 2024, the UN has 193 member states. It is financed through assessed contributions from member states and voluntary funding for specific programs. Criticisms include calls for reform of decision-making, concerns about bureaucratic efficiency, and debates over sovereignty and the veto power within the Security Council.

The United Nations remains a central forum for international diplomacy, humanitarian coordination, and the development of international norms.