Úrlausnarrétt

Úrlausnarrétt is a term in Icelandic law that refers to the authority to render rulings and decisions in legal proceedings. It is part of the judiciary’s power to resolve disputes and is exercised by courts and, in specific cases, by administrative bodies empowered by statute. The term combines úrlausn, meaning a ruling or decision, with rétt, meaning right or power.

In Iceland, the primary source of úrlausnarrétt lies with the courts for civil and criminal matters. Administrative and quasi-judicial bodies may exercise similar authority within their designated remit, but their decisions are subject to statutory rules and subsequent judicial review. A ruling issued under úrlausnarrétt may take the form of a final judgment (dómur) or an intermediate decision (úrskurður), depending on the procedural stage and the nature of the dispute. All exercise of this power must comply with constitutional guarantees, including rights to due process and fair trial, and may be limited by appeal or cassation rights.

The concept reflects the separation of powers in Icelandic government: legislative provisions delineate the scope of the power, while independent judiciary administers it. Historical development shows the formalization of a modern, codified judiciary in Iceland.

See also: Icelandic Constitution, judicial system, dómstólar, administrative decisions, appeals.