Ögonpareser

Ögonpareser, also known as eye palsy or ophthalmoplegia, refers to a condition where there is weakness, paralysis, or dysfunction of the eye muscles responsible for eye movement. This condition can affect one or more of the six extrinsic eye muscles, leading to impaired ocular mobility, double vision (diplopia), and in some cases, abnormal eye positioning.

The causes of ögonpareser vary and include neurological disorders such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, or tumors impacting the cranial nerves (III, IV, and VI) that control eye movements. It can also result from trauma, infections, or metabolic conditions like diabetes mellitus. Congenital anomalies affecting the ocular motor nerves are another potential cause.

Symptoms typically include double vision, eye misalignment (strabismus), and difficulty in moving the affected eye(s) in specific directions. The severity and specific symptoms depend on the nature and extent of nerve or muscle involvement.

Diagnosis involves a comprehensive eye examination, neurological assessment, and imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans to identify underlying causes. Additional testing may include blood work to check for infections or autoimmune conditions.

Treatment of ögonpareser focuses on addressing the underlying cause when identifiable. In cases where nerve compression or inflammation is involved, medications such as corticosteroids may be used. Strabismus correction, eye patching, or prism glasses can help manage double vision. Surgical intervention may sometimes be considered for persistent misalignment.

The prognosis of ögonpareser is variable and depends on the underlying etiology, severity, and promptness of treatment. Many cases improve with appropriate medical management, though some may result in long-term ocular motility issues. Regular follow-up with ophthalmologists and neurologists is essential for optimal management and recovery.