Élelmiszer

Élelmiszer is the Hungarian term for any substance intended for human consumption to meet nutritional needs and sustain life. It encompasses raw agricultural products such as fruits, vegetables, grains, and animal products, as well as processed foods and beverages. It does not include medicines or feed for animals, nor non-food consumer goods.

Regulatory framework in Hungary and the European Union governs élelmiszer safety, information, and traceability. The general principles are set by EU food law, notably Regulation (EC) 178/2002, which establishes safety responsibilities and the necessity of traceability throughout the supply chain. Further rules cover consumer information and labeling (Regulation (EU) 1169/2011), hygiene requirements, and controls carried out by national authorities and EFSA risk assessment.

Production, processing, packaging, storage, and distribution of élelmiszer follow food safety practices such as HACCP-based systems and quality management to prevent contamination and ensure accurate information. Businesses must be able to trace products from primary production to the market and to remove defective items when needed. Allergen labeling, date marks, and ingredient lists are common components of consumer information.

Nutrition and public health considerations influence élelmiszer policy, including fortification programs, dietary guidelines, and campaigns to reduce risks from contamination or overconsumption. In cultural and economic terms, élelmiszer production connects agriculture, industry, and gastronomy, reflecting regional traditions while adapting to scientific advances and regulatory requirements.