Återgivningen

Återgivningen is a Swedish term that translates to "the return" or "the giving back," often used in discussions about cultural heritage, repatriation, and the return of artifacts to their countries of origin. The concept gained prominence in Sweden during the late 20th century as part of broader global debates about colonialism, exploitation, and the ethical handling of cultural property.

The debate centers on artifacts, often of significant cultural or historical value, that were acquired through colonialism, trade, or looting and are now housed in Swedish museums and collections. Advocates for *Återgivningen* argue that these objects should be returned to their countries of origin, particularly to Indigenous communities or nations from which they were taken. This perspective emphasizes the moral and ethical responsibility of institutions to rectify historical injustices and respect the cultural sovereignty of affected peoples.

Swedish museums, including the National Museum of World Culture (*Världskulturmuseet*) and the Swedish History Museum (*Sveriges Historiska Museum*), have engaged in discussions about repatriation. Some cases have resulted in voluntary returns, such as the 2018 return of a Benin bronze plaque to Nigeria, following negotiations between Swedish authorities and Nigerian representatives. However, the process remains contentious, with debates over ownership, authenticity, and the potential risks of repatriation, such as loss of accessibility for research and education.

Critics of *Återgivningen* argue that artifacts should remain in museums for broader public and academic engagement, while supporters contend that their presence in Swedish institutions perpetuates colonial legacies. The debate reflects broader international conversations, such as those surrounding the *Benin Dialogue Group* and the *UNESCO Convention on the Return of Cultural Property to Their Countries of Origin or Their Legitimate Possessors*. Sweden has not yet adopted a formal policy on repatriation, leaving decisions on a case-by-case basis.