Ärzte

Ärzte (singular: Arzt) are medical practitioners who diagnose, treat, and prevent illness, manage acute and chronic conditions, and contribute to public health. In German-speaking countries the profession requires university-level medical training followed by licensure to practice. This typically includes completing a medical degree, passing a state examination or professional licensure (such as Approbation in Germany and Austria), and undertaking practical training. After licensure, many doctors pursue specialized training (Facharztausbildung) in areas such as internal medicine, surgery, or pediatrics, culminating in a Facharzt title. General practitioners form the core of primary care, while specialists work in hospitals, clinics, or private practice.

Doctors are expected to base decisions on scientific evidence, maintain patient confidentiality, obtain informed consent, and engage in continuing education to keep up with advances. Regulation and professional standards are administered by national bodies and medical chambers; in German-speaking regions these include the Bundesärztekammer (Germany), die Österreichische Ärztekammer (Austria), and the FMH (Switzerland).

Historically, the profession evolved from ancient and medieval medical practices to the modern, science-based system of today. The development of formal medical education, licensing, and specialty certification helped standardize care and promote patient safety. The term Ärzte is used collectively for medical doctors in German-language contexts, reflecting a long-established profession that spans clinical care, research, and public health.