Äidinmaidosta

Äidinmaidosta, or human breast milk, is the natural secretion produced by lactating women to nourish infants. It is considered the optimal source of nutrition for newborns and young babies due to its comprehensive nutrient profile and bioactive compounds. Human milk contains a balanced mix of carbohydrates, primarily lactose; proteins, including casein and whey; fats, essential for brain development; vitamins; and minerals necessary for growth and immune function. Additionally, it provides immunological components such as antibodies, leukocytes, and enzymes that help protect infants against infections and illnesses.

Breast milk also contains oligosaccharides, complex sugars that promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria and support the development of the immune system. The composition of human milk adapts to the changing needs of the infant, with variations observed based on the stage of lactation and the mother's diet and health status.

The benefits of äidinmaidosta extend beyond nutrition. Breastfeeding promotes mother-infant bonding, supports postpartum recovery for mothers, and reduces the risk of certain chronic conditions in both parties, such as asthma, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. The World Health Organization and various health authorities recommend exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, continuing alongside complementary foods up to two years or longer.

Breast milk can be expressed and stored for later use, and donors can provide milk through milk banks, which screen and pasteurize donations to ensure safety. While breastfeeding is considered the gold standard, formula milk is available as an alternative when breastfeeding is not possible or preferred. Advances in research continue to explore the complexities of human milk and its potential applications in infant health and nutrition.