zoysiagrass

Zoysiagrass, commonly called zoysia, refers to several warm-season perennial turfgrasses in the genus Zoysia native to Asia. The principal cultivated species are Zoysia japonica (Japanese lawn grass), Zoysia matrella (Manila grass), and Zoysia tenuifolia (dwarf zoysia); many lawns rely on hybrids derived from Z. japonica and Z. matrella. Zoysia forms a dense, low-growing turf that resists heat and heavy use and is favored for warm-season lawns and golf course roughs.

Growth and appearance: leaves are fine to medium in texture and spread by both stolons and rhizomes, creating a carpet-like turf. It establishes slowly but becomes dense with time and has strong wear tolerance. In hot weather it stays green; in cooler climates it goes dormant and may turn brown or tan in winter.

Culture and maintenance: best grown in full sun, with some tolerance of partial shade. It can be established by sod, plugs, or seed, though seed germination is slow and uneven. Mowing height is typically about 0.5–1.5 inches. Fertilization should be moderate, with careful irrigation to avoid excessive growth. Thatch buildup can occur and may require occasional dethatching or scarification; core aeration helps when the lawn is compacted.

Adaptation and limitations: well suited to warm climates such as the southern United States, parts of the Mediterranean and Asia. In cool temperate regions it is prone to winter kill and slow to recover from damage. It generally requires less frequent mowing than cool-season grasses but may need more irrigation during drought.

Pests and diseases: common diseases include brown patch, take-all patch, and spring dead spot. Nematodes and grub pests can affect zoysia. Integrated cultural practices and targeted treatments help manage problems.