zakrzepic

Zakrzepica is a medical condition characterized by the formation of a blood clot, known as a thrombus, within a blood vessel. This clot can obstruct blood flow, leading to a variety of health problems depending on the location of the thrombus. The most common types are deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which affects the deep veins, usually in the legs, and arterial thrombosis, which occurs in arteries.

Several factors can increase the risk of developing zakrzepica. These include prolonged immobility, such as long periods of sitting or lying down, surgery, trauma, certain medical conditions like cancer or inflammatory diseases, and genetic predisposition. Lifestyle factors such as smoking, obesity, and the use of hormonal contraceptives can also contribute.

Symptoms of zakrzepica vary but may include swelling, pain, warmth, and redness in the affected limb for DVT. Arterial thrombosis can cause sudden, severe pain, numbness, and paralysis in the affected area, and can lead to stroke or heart attack if it occurs in the brain or heart respectively.

Diagnosis typically involves medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI. Treatment aims to prevent the clot from growing larger and to reduce the risk of complications like pulmonary embolism, which occurs when a clot breaks off and travels to the lungs. Anticoagulant medications, also known as blood thinners, are the primary treatment. In some cases, thrombolytic therapy to dissolve the clot or surgical removal may be necessary. Prevention strategies include regular movement, hydration, and, in high-risk individuals, the use of anticoagulant medication or compression stockings.