yläkoulu

Yläkoulu is the upper stage of Finland's basic education system (peruskoulu). It typically covers grades 7 through 9, with students generally aged about 13 to 16. It sits after the lower stage (alakoulu) and before upper-secondary education. In some municipalities the term yläkoulu may be used interchangeably with ylâaste or peruskoulun yläaste, depending on local tradition and terminology.

The yläkoulu follows a national core curriculum defined by the Finnish National Agency for Education. Local municipalities organize daily schedules and school structures within this framework. Core subjects usually include mother tongue (Finnish or Swedish), a second language, mathematics, science subjects (such as biology, physics, chemistry), history, geography, civics, religion or ethics, physical education, arts and crafts, music, and health education. Many schools also offer optional studies and emphasizing skills like critical thinking, collaboration, and digital literacy. The educational approach emphasizes inclusivity, individual support, and the development of learning-to-learn skills.

Assessment in yläkoulu is primarily based on teachers’ continuous evaluation and feedback, with formal grading used to track progress. Guidance and pupil welfare services support study planning, learning difficulties, and career exploration. The aim is to provide a broad foundation for further education and to support each student’s academic and personal development.

Graduation from peruskoulu is marked by a completion certificate. After completing yläkoulu, students may continue to gymnasium (lukio) for academically oriented upper-secondary education or to vocational education and training (ammatillinen koulutus). The exact pathways and school arrangements vary by municipality.