xote

Xote is a term used in Brazilian music and dance to denote a traditional dance and its accompanying rhythm within the forró family, especially in the Northeast. It functions both as a social dance and as the name of a musical style performed to xote rhythms.

The xote dance is typically performed by couples in close connection, moving to a moderate tempo that is often slower than other forró styles. The rhythm is commonly phrased in 2/4 or 4/4 time, featuring simple, walking steps and gentle pivots. The style emphasizes partnership coordination and smooth, steady movement, with basic figures that are accessible to beginners while allowing nuance for experienced dancers.

Historically, xote developed in rural Brazilian communities during the first half of the 20th century as European ballroom influences were adapted to local instruments such as the accordion (sanfona), zabumba, and triangle. It became a staple of forró music and dance, and gained wide recognition through performances and recordings. The form was popularized in part by Northeastern artists, including Luiz Gonzaga, who performed and recorded songs associated with xote, such as Xote das Meninas.

In the broader context of forró, xote is one of several rhythms, alongside baião and arrastão, each with distinct tempo and feel. While baião tends to be more upbeat and syncopated, xote remains notable for its comparatively restrained pace and lyrical, dance-friendly style.

Outside of this musical usage, the term xote may appear as a proper noun in other contexts, but its primary association is with the Brazilian dance and rhythm.