woodlark

The woodlark, Lullula arborea, is a small passerine bird in the lark family Alaudidae. It is a resident breeder in warmer parts of its European and Asian range, and a winter migrant further north. The woodlark is found in open country with scattered trees and heathland.

This species is 13.5 to 15 cm long. It is a dumpy lark with a short tail, often held cocked, and a distinctively pale, upturned bill. The plumage is streaked brown above and buff below. A striking feature is the white supercilium, or eyebrow stripe, which extends behind the eye, and a dark stripe through the eye. The sexes are similar. The woodlark's song is a fluting, warbling whistle, often delivered in flight.

The woodlark feeds on insects and seeds. It builds its nest on the ground, a shallow cup lined with grass and feathers, hidden in a clump of grass or heather. The clutch usually consists of 2 to 5 eggs. The woodlark is a ground-dwelling bird, rarely perching on trees, which is unusual for a bird named after woods. It prefers open habitats such as heathland, moorland, and recently felled or sparsely wooded areas.

Its population has declined in parts of its range, particularly in Western Europe, due to habitat loss and changes in agricultural practices. Conservation efforts are focused on maintaining and restoring suitable open habitats. The woodlark is a protected species in many countries.