vérminta

A vérminta is a sample of blood obtained from a person for laboratory analysis. It is used for diagnostic workups, monitoring of medical conditions, and research. The most common source is a venous blood draw performed by phlebotomy, typically from the antecubital vein. Capillary blood samples from a finger or heel may be used for point‑of‑care testing or in newborns, and arterial blood is collected for arterial blood gas analyses.

After collection, the blood is placed into collection tubes containing specific additives or no additive. Tubes with EDTA are used for hematology tests; tubes with heparin or lithium heparin are used for plasma chemistry; citrate tubes are used for coagulation studies; and serum tubes allow the blood to clot before separation. The sample is labeled and transported to the laboratory, where it is processed by centrifugation to obtain plasma (anticoagulated blood) or serum (allowed to clot). Aliquots may be prepared for storage or further testing.

Applications of vérminta include routine complete blood counts, metabolic and biochemical panels, serology and immunology, microbiology, endocrinology, molecular testing, and transfusion medicine (typing and crossmatching). The handling and analysis of blood samples depend on the intended tests and require proper specimen integrity and traceability.

Storage and transport conditions vary by test and analyte. Some samples are stabilized at room temperature for short periods, others are refrigerated (2–8°C) or frozen for longer-term storage. Pre-analytical factors such as fasting status, time of collection, hemolysis, contamination, and delays can affect results. Safety considerations include proper aseptic technique, use of personal protective equipment, and correct disposal of sharps.