viherlannoitus

Viherlannoitus, also known as green manuring, is an agricultural practice where a crop is grown primarily to be incorporated into the soil while still green or soon after flowering. The purpose of this practice is to improve soil fertility, structure, and health. Crops used for viherlannoitus are often legumes, such as clover, vetch, or peas, which have the added benefit of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into the soil through symbiotic bacteria in their root nodules. Other plants like mustard or rye can also be used.

When the green manure crop is tilled into the soil, it decomposes and releases nutrients, acting as a natural fertilizer. This organic matter enhances the soil's water-holding capacity, improves aeration, and stimulates microbial activity. The roots of the green manure crop help to break up compacted soil layers, promoting better drainage and root penetration for subsequent crops. Additionally, viherlannoitus can help suppress weeds by outcompeting them for resources and light, and some green manure crops can deter certain pests and diseases.

The timing of incorporation is important. Ideally, the crop is tilled in when it is actively growing and before it goes to seed to maximize nutrient content and prevent unwanted propagation. This practice is particularly beneficial in organic farming systems as it reduces the need for synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, contributing to a more sustainable agricultural ecosystem. Viherlannoitus can be used as a standalone practice or in conjunction with other soil management techniques.